Hong Kong stands as a leading global financial and trading hub, hosting numerous banks, insurance companies, merchant banks, fund managers, venture capital firms, and other financial intermediaries. Postwar, its economy rapidly expanded in manufacturing, particularly textiles, garments, toys, and electronics. However, with China's economic growth since the late 1970s, much of the manufacturing has shifted to the mainland, though some high-value manufacturing remains. Heavy industry is minimal, and Hong Kong's economy now relies more on services, including civil aviation, shipping, tourism, trade-related services, and various financial and banking activities.

The city is a favored location for regional headquarters of multinational corporations and has fostered significant local businesses in hotel management, property development, and telecommunications. Real estate dominates the economy, with active investments both locally and in countries like China, Malaysia, and Vietnam. Hong Kong maintains independent membership in various international organizations, such as the WTO, and will continue to be regarded as a distinct entity from China for most international purposes.